Focuses on the research and development, manufacturing, and technical services of industrial cleaning equipment

Ultrasonic cleaning technology


Ultrasound is a type of sound wave with a frequency exceeding 20 kHz, which is beyond the range of human hearing. The propagation of ultrasound relies on an elastic medium. During propagation, it causes the particles in the elastic medium to oscillate, transferring energy in the direction of propagation. These waves can be divided into longitudinal waves and transverse waves. In solids, both types can be transmitted, while in gases and liquids, only longitudinal waves can be transmitted. Ultrasound can cause particle vibration, and the acceleration of particle vibration is proportional to the square of the ultrasonic frequency. Therefore, ultrasound of tens of kilohertz can generate enormous force. When strong ultrasound propagates in a liquid, due to nonlinear effects, acoustic cavitation occurs. The shock wave emitted when the cavitation bubbles suddenly collapse can generate thousands of atmospheric pressures in its vicinity. The repeated direct impact on the dirt layer, on the one hand, destroys the adsorption between the dirt and the surface of the cleaning part, and on the other hand, causes the destruction and detachment of the dirt layer from the surface of the cleaning part, dispersing it into the cleaning liquid. The vibration of the bubbles can also scrub the solid surface. Bubbles can also "penetrate" into cracks to vibrate, causing dirt to fall off. For oily dirt, due to ultrasonic cavitation, the two liquids rapidly disperse and emulsify at the interface. When solid particles are wrapped in oil and adhere to the surface of the cleaning part, the oil is emulsified, and the solid particles fall off. During the vibration process, cavitation bubbles cause the liquid itself to circulate, which is called acoustic streaming. It can cause a high velocity gradient and viscous stress on the surface of the vibrating bubble, promoting the destruction and detachment of dirt on the surface of the cleaning part. The high-speed microjets generated by ultrasonic cavitation on the surface of solids and liquids can remove or weaken the boundary dirt layer, corrode the solid surface, increase the stirring effect, accelerate the dissolution of soluble dirt, and enhance the cleaning effect of chemical cleaning agents. In addition, the ultrasonic vibration causes a large vibration velocity and acceleration of particles in the cleaning liquid, causing the dirt on the surface of the cleaning part to be subjected to frequent and intense impacts.


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